Formal Name: Federative Republic of BrazilLocal Name: Brasil
Local Formal Name: República Federativa do Brasil
Location: South America
Capital City: Brasília
Biggest other Cities: São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Belo Horizonte
Population: 170.000.000
Surface: 8 547 404 km²
Currency: 1 real = 0,4 US$
Languages: Portuguese
Religions: Roman Catholic, Protestant
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The current flag of Brazil was adopted in the 1889. Brazil's flag is a deep green banner (representing lush fields and forests) in the center bearing with a yellow diamond (representing wealth in gold) enclosing a night-blue, star-studded Southern Hemisphere sky. The sky depicts 27 white, five-pointed stars (one for each state and the Federal District); the stars are arranged in the pattern of the night sky over Rio de Janeiro on November 15, 1889 at 8:30am (this is the date when the last Emperor of Brazil, Dom Pedro II, was deposed, and the republic was proclaimed). The stars in view include the constellations Southern Cross (also called Crux), Scorpius, Canis Major and others. A banner across the sky reads, "ORDEM E PROGRESSO," which means "order and progress" in Portuguese.
This flag was adopted on May 11, 1992 - it was an adaptation of an earlier Brazilian flag from November 15, 1889.
The Brazilian National Anthem (Hino Nacional Brasileiro in Portuguese) was first composed by Francisco Manoel da Silva upon independence from Portugal in 1822, but was not used until 1890. Instead, the first anthem was the Hino da Independência composed by the first emperor, Pedro I. With the establishment of a republic in 1889, lyrics were written by Joaquim Osório Duque Estrada to go with Francisco Manoel da Silva's song. However, the original music has been modified slightly.
HINO NACIONAL BRASILEIRO
I
Ouviram do Ipiranga as margens plácidas
De um povo heróico o brado retumbante.
E o sol da Liberdade em raios fúlgidos,
Brilhou no céu da Pátria nesse instante.
Se o penhor dessa igualdade
Conseguimos conquistar com braço forte,
Em teu seio, ó Liberdade,
Desafia o nosso peito a própria morte!
Ó Pátria amada
Idolatrada
Salve! Salve!
Brasil, um sonho intenso, um raio vívido
De amor e de esperança à terra desce,
Se em teu formoso céu, risonho e límpido,
A imagem do Cruzeiro resplandece.
Gigante pela própria natureza,
És belo, és forte, impávido colosso,
E o teu futuro espelha essa grandeza,
Terra adorada,
Entre outras mil,
És tu, Brasil,
Ó Pátria amada!
Dos filhos deste solo és mãe gentil,
Pátria amada,Brasil!
II
Deitado eternamente em berço esplêndido,
ao som do mar e à luz do céu profundo,
Fulguras, ó Brasil, florão da América,
Iluminado ao sol do Novo Mundo!
Do que a terra mais garrida
Teus risonhos, lindos campos têm mais flores,
Nossos bosques têm mais vida
Nossa vida em teu seio mais amores.
Ó Pátria amada,Idolatrada,Salve! Salve!
Brasil, de amor eterno seja símbolo
O lábaro que ostentas estrelado,
E diga o verde-louro dessa flâmula-
Paz no futuro e glória no passado.
Mas, se ergues da justiça a clava forte,
Verás que um filho teu não foge à luta,
Nem teme, quem te adora, a própria morte,
Terra adorada,
Entre outras mil,
És tu, Brasil,
Ó Pátria amada!
Dos filhos deste solo és mãe gentil,
Pátria amada, Brasil!
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.
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Brazilian National Anthem
Translation
Ipiranga's placid banks have heard
The resounding cry of a heroic people.
And the sun of freedom, in bright rays,
Shone at that moment in the homeland's
As the promise of this equality
Was secured by our strong arms,
In your bosom, O Freedom,
Our heart defies even death.
O beloved, idolized homeland, hail, hail!
Brazil, a vivid dream, a lively ray
Of love and hope settles on the earth,
As in your beautiful sky, smiling and limpid,
The image of the Southern Cross shines resplendent
A giant by nature,
You are beautiful, strong, an intrepid colossus,
And your future mirrors this grandeur.
Adored land,
Among a thousand others,
You are, Brazil, O beloved homeland!
To the sons of this land you are a gentle mother,
Beloved homeland, Brazil!
II
Eternally laid in a splendid cradle,
To the sea's sound and the deep sky's light,
You gleam, O Brazil, fleuron of America,
Illuminated by the sun of the New World.
Than the most attractive land,
Your smiling, lovely fields have more flowers,
Our forests have more life,
Our life in your bosom more love.
O beloved, idolized homeland, hail, hail!
Brazil, a symbol of eternal love
may be the banner you display with stars
And shall tell the laureate green of this pennant:-
Peace in the future and glory in the past.
But if you raise justice's strong cudgel,
You will see that a son of yours does not run from the fight,
Nor does fear, one who adores you, death itself.
Adored land,
Among a thousand others,
You are, Brazil, O beloved homeland!
To the sons of this land you are a gentle mother,
Beloved homeland, Brazil!
